CBSE Class 12th Chemistry Syllabus Highlights
Chemistry Theory Marking Scheme
Chemistry Practicals Marking Scheme
CBSE Class 12th Chemistry Detailed Syllabus 2024
Unit II: Solutions
Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gasses in liquids, solid solutions, Raoult’s law, colligative properties – relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Van’t Hoff factor.
Unit III: Electrochemistry
Redox reactions, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis and law of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell-electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, lead accumulator, fuel cells, corrosion.
Unit IV: Chemical Kinetics
Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zero and first order reactions), concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), activation energy, Arrhenius equation.
Unit VIII: d and f Block Elements
General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation, preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.
Lanthanoids – Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences.
Actinoids – Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids.
Unit IX: Coordination Compounds
Coordination compounds – Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Werner’s theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological system).
Unit X: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C–X bond, physical and chemical properties, optical rotation mechanism of substitution reactions.
Haloarenes: Nature of C–X bond, substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in monosubstituted compounds only).
Uses and environmental effects of – dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT.
Unit XI: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol.
Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of phenols.
Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses.
Unit XII: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes, uses.
Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses.
Unit XIII: Amines
Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines.
Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry.
Unit XIV: Biomolecules
Carbohydrates – Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), D-L configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates.
Proteins – Elementary idea of – amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins – primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes. Hormones – Elementary idea excluding structure.
Vitamins – Classification and functions.
Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ’s)
- What is the CBSE Class 12th Chemistry syllabus for 2023-24?
The CBSE Class 12th Chemistry syllabus for 2023 is divided into two parts: Theory and Practical. The Theory part consists of topics like Solid State, Solutions, Electrochemistry, Chemical Kinetics, Surface Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements, p-Block Elements, d- and f-Block Elements, Coordination Compounds, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen, Biomolecules, Polymers and Chemistry in Everyday Life. The Practical part consists of experiments related to the topics covered in the theory part. - What are the marks distribution and weightage for CBSE Class 12th Chemistry syllabus 2023-24?
The total marks for CBSE Class 12th Chemistry exam is 70 marks for theory and 30 marks for practical. The theory part is divided into two sections: Section A (20 marks) and Section B (50 marks). Section A consists of 5 one-mark questions, while Section B consists of 10 two-mark questions, 10 three-mark questions and 5 five-mark questions. - How can I prepare for CBSE Class 12th Chemistry exam 2024?
To prepare for the CBSE Class 12th Chemistry exam, you should start by thoroughly understanding the concepts and topics covered in the syllabus. Make sure you have a good understanding of the periodic table, chemical reactions, and bonding. You can also refer to NCERT textbooks and solve previous years’ question papers and sample papers to get an idea of the exam pattern and type of questions asked. You can also enroll in online courses or coaching classes to get additional help and guidance. - What are the recommended textbooks for CBSE Class 12th Chemistry?
The NCERT textbooks are the most recommended textbooks for CBSE Class 12th Chemistry as they cover the entire syllabus in detail and provide a good understanding of the concepts. Other recommended textbooks include “Chemistry” by Pradeep Publications, “Modern’s ABC of Chemistry” and “Concepts of Organic Chemistry” by O P Tandon. - What are the practicals that I need to perform for CBSE Class 12th Chemistry practical exams 2024?
The CBSE Class 12th Chemistry practicals include experiments related to the topics covered in the theory part, such as Volumetric Analysis, Salt Analysis, Chromatography, Conductometric Titration, and Identification of Organic Compounds. You will be required to perform at least 12 experiments in the practical exam. - What are the career options after studying CBSE Class 12th Chemistry?
There are several career options available after studying CBSE Class 12th Chemistry, including pursuing a degree in Chemistry or related fields like Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Environmental Science, and Forensic Science. You can also opt for a career in research, teaching, or in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.
